10/4/2023 0 Comments Micro macrocosmHowever, a meaningful search for Higgs bosons will require about 10 fb –1 of data at 14 TeV, as Howard Haber of the University of California, Santa Cruz, discussed. In talks on phenomenology, Manuel Drees of Bonn University and Werner Porod of the University of Würzburg and IFIC Valencia said that a meaningful SUSY search could already begin with the 1 fb –1 data at 7 TeV. After a shutdown for a year to increase the total energy to 14 TeV, the next run is scheduled to start in early 2013. This first run of the LHC should accumulate an integrated luminosity of 1 fb –1 at a total energy of 7 TeV by the end of 2011. The first day’s proceedings started with an overview of the status of the LHC by Richard Hawkings of CERN. In general, plenary sessions were held in the mornings, while the afternoons were devoted to parallel sessions focusing on the three areas of particles, strings and cosmology. This year’s symposium, attended by more than 160 participants from around the world, was of particular significance because it came in the wake of the start-up of the LHC and the launch of the Planck satellite. PASCOS 2010, the 16th symposium in the series, took place on 19–23 July in the Spanish city of Valencia and was organized by the Instituto de Fisica Corpuscular (IFIC), which is the largest particle-physics laboratory of the Spanish National Research Council (CSIC) and is jointly operated by the University of Valencia. After circulating round the US during its first decade, the series is now global, having visited India, South Korea, the UK, Canada and Germany. The meetings strive to bring together researchers from these three areas to facilitate their mutual interaction and the cross-fertilization of ideas. The PASCOS series of international symposia was started in the early 1990s in the US to recognize this interplay. The interface of particle physics, string theory and cosmology is thus a highly active field of research at the frontiers of human knowledge. The recent developments in string theory offer us the best hope of addressing these issues. We would like to follow the history of the universe right back to the instant of the Big Bang – and even beyond, where the standard tool of quantum field theory breaks down. The discovery of the Higgs boson(s) and supersymmetric (SUSY) particles should, likewise, throw light on the nature of the phase transition that the universe experienced during those first few picoseconds – as well as on the nature of the cold dark matter (CDM) that permeates the universe today as a relic of its early history. Making heavy particles such as the W and Z bosons and the top quark, as well as studying their interactions in the laboratory, helps us retrace the history of the universe to within a few picoseconds of its beginning. Recreating them in the laboratory is like recreating dinosaurs as in Jurassic Park, but is much more significant because it helps us to trace the very early history of the universe. It follows from the basic principles of uncertainty and mass-energy equivalence, which imply that when we probe deep inside subatomic space, we inevitably come across states of very high energy and mass that would have abounded in the early history of the universe. The guiding spirit behind the series of annual symposia on Particles, Strings and Cosmology (PASCOS) is the unification of the microcosm with the macrocosm. The Palau de les Arts Reina Sofia opera house and cultural centre in Valencia, an excursion destination for PASCOS 2010. PASCOS 2010 explores the interface of particle physics, string theory and cosmology.
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